Expression Level of SOCS3 in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells Affects the Cytotoxicity of NK Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the expression level of suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 （SOCS3） in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and to observe the effect of over-expresson of SOCS3 in Jurkat cells on the cytotoxicity of NK cells.@*METHODS@#The expression levels of SOCS3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 children with ALL and 20 healthy children (normal control group) were detected by RT-PCR. The peripheral blood NK cells from healthy subjects were selected by immunomagnetic technique, and the purity was detected by flow cytometry. SOCS3 was overexpressed in Jurkat cells infected with lentivirus vector, and SOCS3 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR after lentivirus infection. The NK cells were co-cultured with the infected Jurkat, and LDH release method was used to detect the cytotoxicity of NK cells on the infected Jurkat cells. The concentrations of TNF-α and IFN-γ were determined by ELISA. The expression of NKG2D ligands MICA and MICB on the surface of Jurkat cells were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect the effect of SOCS3 overexpression on STAT3 phosphorylation in Jurkat cells.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the mRNA expression of SOCS3 in the peripheral blood mononucleated cells of ALL children was significantly decreased. The purity of NK cells isolated by flow cytometry could reach more than 70%. The expression of SOCS3 mRNA in Jurkat cells increased significantly after lentivirus infection. Overexpression of SOCS3 in Jurkat cells significantly promoted the killing ability of NK cells and up-regulated the secretion of TNF-α and IFN-γ from NK cells. The results of flow cytometry showed that the expression of NKG2D ligands MICA and MICB on Jurkat cells increased significantly after SOCS3 overexpression. Western blot results showed that overexpression of SOCS3 significantly reduced the phosphorylation level of STAT3 protein in Jurkat cells.@*CONCLUSION@#SOCS3 mRNA expression was significantly decreased in ALL patients, and overexpression of SOCS3 may up-regulate the expression of MICA and MICB of NKG2D ligands on Jurkat cell surface through negative regulation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway, thereby promoting the cytotoxic function of NK cells.

Difficulties of familes in caring for children and adolescents with mental disorders: an integrative review / Dificultades de las familias en la atención a niños y jóvenes con trastorno mental: una revisión integral / Dificuldades das famílias no cuidado à criança e ao adolescente com transtorno mental: uma revisão integrativa

Objective To identify the difficulties of families with children and/or adolescents with mental disorder. Method This is an integrative review. In December 2013, an electronic search was performed on Latin American Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences databases (LILACS) and on Electronic Medicus Index of the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE) indexed in the Health Virtual Library (BVS) using a combination of descriptors and boolean operators as follows: mental disorders and child or adolescent and caregivers and/not health staff. Results 557 studies were identified, of which 15 were selected for this study. The findings indicated difficulties related to the care for or to interaction with children/adolescents with mental disorder. Conclusion The studies revealed difficulties related to everyday practices of care and feelings expressed during care practices, as well as in relationships with children or adolescents with mental disorder.

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Objetivo Identificar las dificultades de las familias con niños y/o adolescentes con desórdenes mentales. Método Se trata de una revisión integradora. Una búsqueda electrónica se realizó en diciembre de 2013, en la base de datos de la literatura caribeña Latinoamericano de Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y en el Índice de Electronic Medicus de la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (MEDLINE) indexados en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), utilizando combinación de descriptores y operadores booleanos transtornos mentales and niño and adolescentes and cuidadores and/not personal de salud. Resultados Se identificaron 557 estudios, de los cuales 15 fueron considerados para este estudio. Los hallazgos indican dificultades relacionadas con la atención o estar con los niños o adolescentes con trastornos mentales. Conclusión Se evidenciaron las dificultades relacionadas con las prácticas cotidianas y con los sentimientos durante la atención de quien vive con un niño o adolescente con trastornos mentales.
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Objetivo Identificar as dificuldades das famílias de crianças ou adolescentes com transtornos mentais. Método Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e no Index Medicus Eletrônico da National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE) indexadas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) utilizando a combinação dos descritores e operadores booleanos transtornos mentais and criança or adolescente and cuidadores and/not pessoal de saúde, em dezembro de 2013. Resultados Foram identificados 557 estudos, dos quais 15 foram selecionados para este estudo. Os achados evidenciaram dificuldades relacionadas ao cuidado ou convívio com crianças ou adolescentes com transtorno mental. Conclusão Foram evidenciadas dificuldades relacionadas às práticas cotidianas e aos sentimentos manifestos durante o convívio e o cuidado de crianças ou adolescentes com transtornos mentais.
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Possible roles of the hereditary hemochromatosis protein, HFE, in regulating cellular iron homeostasis

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is the most common inherited disorder in people of Northern European descent. Over 83 percent of the cases of HH result from a single mutation of a Cys to Tyr in the HH protein, HFE. This mutation causes a recessive disease resulting in an accumulation of iron in selected tissues. Iron overload damages these organs leading to cirrhosis of the liver, diabetes, cardiomyopathy, and arthritis. The mechanism by which HFE influences iron homeostasis in cells and in the body remains elusive. Lack of functional HFE in humans produces the opposite effects in different cell types in the body. In the early stages of the disease, Kupffer cells in the liver and enterocytes in the intestine cells are iron depleted and have low intracellular ferritin levels, whereas hepatocytes in the liver are iron overloaded and have high intracellular iron levels. This review gives the background and a model as to possible mechanisms of how HFE could exert different effects on iron homeostasis in different cell types.

No expression of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) in colorectal cancer cells.

Although there is a specific antitumor immune response in the body, colorectal cancer cells progressively develop. This fact indicated that the cancer cells could have a variety of mechanisms to evade or escape the immune system. HLA-G is identified to inhibit the recognition of NK-cell in various kinds of cancers. This study investigated the expression of HLA-G in colorectal cancer. Eighty five specimens of colorectal cancer, carcinoma in situ and adenomatous polyp were examined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR for the detection of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G The expression of HLA-G was not found in all colorectal specimens (85/85) both protein level and transcription level, suggesting that the expression of HLA-G is not a possible immune evasion mechanism of colorectal cancer cell.

Partial purification and characterization of a novel murine factor that augments the expression of class I MHC antigens on tumor cells

A soluble factor which augments the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) antigens on a number of murine tumor cell lines, has been isolated from the culture supernatants of mixed lymphocyte reaction of spleen cells derived from C57B1/6, Balb/c and Swiss mice. The factor, termed MHC-augmenting factor (MHC-AF) has been partially purified by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography and reverse phase HPLC. MHC-AF activity is associated with an 18 kDa molecule. MHC-AF activity was resistant to pH 2.0 treatment and partially purified MHC-AF preparations did not have any activity in L929 cell/vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) interferon bioassay system. Antibodies to IFN-gamma did not block the activity of MHC-AF. These results indicate that a MHC-AF distinct from IFN-gamma, is produced by mouse spleen cells undergoing a mixed lymphocyte reaction.